What condition results from inflammation of the covering of the abdominal cavity?

The condition that arises from inflammation of the covering of the abdominal cavity is peritonitis. This inflammation specifically affects the peritoneum, which is the serous membrane lining the abdominal wall and covering the organs within the abdomen. When the peritoneum becomes inflamed, it can cause severe abdominal pain and complications, often leading to serious health issues if not promptly treated.

Pericarditis refers to inflammation of the pericardium, the membrane surrounding the heart, and is unrelated to the abdominal cavity. Pleuritis, or pleurisy, involves inflammation of the pleura, the membranes surrounding the lungs, and is primarily associated with respiratory issues rather than abdominal conditions. Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small appendage of the large intestine, and while it can impact the abdominal cavity, it does not pertain to the inflammation of the covering itself. Thus, peritonitis is accurately identified as the condition related to the inflammation of the abdominal cavity's covering.